Biology Question

Hello Tutors, I have this cell biology assignment startng at 11:00am on the dot and I will have 1 hour till 12 pm to complete. I need some proficient, fast, and accurate to help me complete this 50 question multiple choice assignment. I will post the 4 week powerpoints down below as well as the learning objectives. Please be ready in a couple of hours to start and please review. Please only accept if you feel comfortable and confident in these learning objectives. Thank you.

Learning Objectives:

Week 8

At the end of this week you will be able to:

• Recognize the general roles of the cytoskeleton
• Contrast the structures of the subunits that form intermediate filaments, actin filaments, and microtubules.
• Describe the location and main function of intermediate filaments.
• Recall how the structure of intermediate filaments relates to their strength and durability.
• Summarize how intermediate filaments are assembled and describe their polarity.
• Review how intermediate filament proteins can differ from one another and how these differences relate to the function of the intermediate filament.
• Describe disorders that involve defects in intermediate filaments.
• Compare the structure of the nuclear lamina with that of cytoplasmic intermediate filaments.
• Describe how the nuclear lamina disassembles and re-forms during each cell division.
• Recall how intermediate filaments are stabilized by cross-linking accessory proteins, and explain how these proteins help to position the nucleus within the cell interior.

week 9

At the end of this week you will be able to:

• Recall the different types of microtubules (cytoplasmic vs. axonemal) and their functions.
• Describe the structure of microtubules and recall how microtubules are assembled from tubulin dimers.
• Explain microtubules have polarity and summarize how this polarity affects its assembly and function.
• Describe dynamic instability, explain how it is controlled by GTP hydrolysis, and indicate how this behavior relates to microtubule function.
• Compare the movement of cell components—including organelles, membrane vesicles, and macromolecules by microtubule-guided transport.
• Recall microtubule associated proteins (MAPs) roles in microtubule organization, stability and function.
• Compare and contrast kinesins and cytoplasmic dyneins structure, movement along the microtubule, and how they interact with cargo.
• Compare the structure, function, and regulation of movements of eukaryotic cilia and flagella; recognize why prokaryotic flagella are different.
• List the types of structures formed by actin filaments and describe their function.
• Compare and contrast actin filaments and microtubules (structure, function, regulation).
• Explain treadmilling and identify the conditions under which this behavior takes place; contrast it with dynamic instability.
• Compare the actions of cytochalasin and phalloidin and describe their effects on cell behavior.
• Outline the functions of common actin-binding proteins, including thymosin, profilin, formins, actin-related proteins (ARPs), and myosin.
• Distinguish the roles played by actin and its associated proteins in the protrusion, attachment, and contraction involved in cell movement.
• Differentiate between lamellipodia and filopodia.
• Interpret diagrams summarizing how different members of the Rho family of GTPases alter the organization of actin filaments.
• Compare the structure, binding properties, and general function of myosins I and II.
• Explain how actin and myosin filaments are organized in contractile bundles.
• Recognize the role of cortical actin, stress fibers and focal adhesions (focal contacts) in cell motility
• Describe the skeletal and cardiac muscle sarcomere structure and function.
• Outline the sliding-filament mechanism of muscle contraction and relaxation, and describe how ATP binding and hydrolysis drive the conformational changes that underlie this movement.
• Summarize how calcium ions trigger muscle contraction.
• Define the role of tropomyosin in regulating myosin assembly with F-actin.
• Explain how calcium ions stimulate contraction in non-muscle cells or in smooth muscle, and compare this mode of activation with that of skeletal muscle.
• Describe how pathogens can co-opt actin polymerization to invade cells.

week 10

At the end of this week you will be able to:

Compare and contrast endocrine, paracrine, autocrine, and cell-cell contact modes of signaling

List and explain the molecular components necessary for cellular signal reception and transduction

Compare and contrast the basic types of receptors (on cell surface and inside cell)

Explain how biological signals can lead to cellular responses

Explain how the same signal molecule can induce different responses in different target cells

Differentiate the types of cell responses that occur rapidly with those that take minutes or hours to execute

Explain why turning off signaling pathways is as important as turning them on

Interpret and use diagrams of signaling pathways

Explain how phosphorylation can act as a molecular switch, and identify the types of proteins that add and remove this chemical modification

Describe how monomeric GTPases toggle between active and inactive forms

Outline how the gas nitric oxide (NO) can act as a paracrine signaling molecule to trigger the relaxation of smooth muscle cells

Compare and contrast the structure and mechanism of action of ion-channel coupled receptors and G-protein coupled receptors

Compare and contrast ionotropic and metabotropic receptors

Compare and contrast monomeric GTP binding proteins from heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins

Define the role of GAPs and GEFs

Explain why distinct Gα proteins promote distinct signal transduction pathways

Compare and contrast downstream effectors of G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs)

Define agonist, ligands/signals, antagonist, effectors, downstream/upstream, second messengers, signal amplification

Compare and contrast roles of the second messengers: cAMP, IP3/DAG, Ca⁺²

Compare and contrast the signaling pathway resulting from activation of adenylyl cyclase versus activation of phospholipase Cβ

Describe how signal transduction is different in plants cells when compared to animal cells

Explain the process of signal amplification

week 12 ( i will upload the powerpoint because I couldn’t upload more down below)

At the end of this week, you should be able to:

• Compare and contrast tyrosine specific protein kinases with serine-threonine specific protein kinases
• Compare and contrast enzyme coupled receptors with intrinsic kinase activity to those that do not have intrinsic activity and instead have kinases bound to them
• Describe how receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are activated, and why phosphotyrosines are scaffolding sites
• Recognize and interpret PI3K, Ras/MAP kinase pathway, Src, and PLCγ as modules downstream of RTKs
• Interpret signaling pathways and explain the consequence of disrupting a component on a pathway to downstream events
• Recall how a combination of signals can evoke a response that is different from the sum of the effects that each signal can trigger on its own